Kierkegaard’s Philosophy of Reason, Faith, and Dread

Reason and Faith

Kierkegaard’s perspective on reason and faith contrasts sharply with Hegel’s attempt to integrate the two into a rational system. Unlike Hegel, Kierkegaard argued that faith demands a radical break from reason—it is not something that can be fully explained or justified through logic but instead requires a “leap.” He rejected the notion that faith could be rationalized, critiquing Hegel’s attempt to incorporate Christianity into a grand rational system. According to Kierkegaard, faith is not a logical conclusion but an act of personal commitment.

For instance, he likened faith to standing at the edge of a cliff shrouded in fog. The decision to jump, without being able to see what lies below, exemplifies the leap of faith—an act made without logical certainty but with deep trust. This aligns with his concept of subjective truth, where faith is defined as an “objective uncertainty held fast in an appropriation-process of the most passionate inwardness.” In other words, faith involves uncertainty but requires a passionate, personal commitment. A believer may not have scientific proof of God’s existence, but through personal experience and conviction, they commit to belief.

Moreover, Kierkegaard emphasized that faith always involves risk because it requires choosing the unknown without guarantees. An example is Abraham’s willingness to sacrifice Isaac in the Bible. Objectively, his actions seemed irrational and morally incomprehensible, yet Abraham acted out of faith, trusting God completely. This shows Kierkegaard’s idea that faith is not based on reason but on an individual’s willingness to risk everything for belief.

The Concept of Dread

Kierkegaard introduced the concept of dread (Angst) to describe a deep emotional experience tied to human freedom and the awareness of sin. He distinguished dread from fear, explaining that while fear is directed at something specific (such as fearing a barking dog because it might bite), dread arises from the unknown. It is a paradoxical feeling—a mix of attraction and repulsion.

For example, standing at the edge of a high bridge, one might feel dread—not because of a fear of falling but because of the realization that one has the freedom to jump. This highlights Kierkegaard’s belief that dread is closely linked to freedom. When individuals recognize their freedom to choose between possibilities, they experience a sense of excitement mixed with anxiety. This realization, which he calls the possibility of freedom, brings both the thrill of limitless choice and the burden of responsibility.

Kierkegaard also connected dread to sin, arguing that it emerges when people become aware of their potential to make wrong choices. This inner struggle is seen in the story of Adam and Eve. Before eating the forbidden fruit, they experienced dread—not simply fear of punishment, but the weight of knowing they had the freedom to disobey.

Kierkegaard described the paradoxical nature of dread using the terms sympathetic antipathy and antipathetic sympathy, meaning that individuals are both drawn to and repelled by their freedom. They are tempted by the unknown possibilities that their choices offer, yet they fear the responsibility and consequences that come with them.

Kierkegaard’s philosophy stresses two central ideas:

  1. Faith is not based on reason but requires a personal leap into the unknown. It is like trusting a friend in a trust fall—one cannot logically prove they will be caught, but they commit to the act despite uncertainty.
  2. Dread arises from the awareness of human freedom and responsibility. It is not fear of a specific threat but the unsettling realization that one has the power to make life-altering choices.


Comments

  1. Kierkegaard’s insights into reason and faith, emphasis that true belief transcends logic and demands a personal leap into the unknown. His exploration of dread as a reflection of freedom captures the complex emotions we face when making choices that shape our lives. By acknowledging the risks of faith and the weight of responsibility, Kierkegaard encourages us to embrace uncertainty as we navigate our spiritual journeys and make meaningful decisions.


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  2. Kierkegaard’s emphasis on faith as a leap into the unknown and dread as a product of human freedom underscores the deeply personal and uncertain nature of belief and responsibility.

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  3. Kierkegaard had a deep understanding of faith. He moved away from the social understanding of his time - where people had to believe in God and the objectivity of faith. But his belief of faith being an act of personal commitment is deeply personal and subjective, yet true to me. The concept of 'sympathetic antipathy and antipathetic sympathy' as 'Dread' very well describes 'sin' because most of the time, i believe the majority of people uncontrollably commit sin, being attracted to it yet repulsed by it. This freedom to disobey is truly a dread to many of us.
    ~Claudius

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  4. I've felt a similar mixed feelings of excitement and anxiety while making decisions , much like the dread Kierkegaard describes. Recognizing my freedom to choose has often felt both liberating and overwhelming. This feeling of dread reminds me that true faith sometimes means taking a leap into the unknown, trusting without complete certainty.

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  5. The Concept of Dread is something special to me. It showcases the inner fight of humans which was explained by Plato with the example of two horses. This concept speaks the reality of the life where everyone suffer and struggle.

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  6. Kierkegaard’s philosophy stresses two central ideas: Faith is not based on reason but requires a personal leap into the unknown.Dread arises from the awareness of human freedom and responsibility. I got insight that I need not prove God's existence with logic but with leap of faith. I have freedom to disobey. I feel dread while solving Mcq.

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  7. Faith is a leap into the unknown,
    Not a logical step, but a personal choice.
    It's trusting without proof,
    And finding certainty in uncertainty.
    With faith comes risk and doubt,
    But also freedom and personal growth.
    It's embracing the unknown,
    And finding peace in the uncertainty.

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  8. I like the way Kierkegaard describes faith as demanding a radical break from reason and which is not something that can be fully explained or justified through logic but instead requires a “leap.” he also adds that faith involves risk in life due to unknown circumstances in life.

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  9. Kierkegaard's "dread" (Angst) is a mix of attraction and fear tied to freedom and sin awareness. It's realizing you can jump, not just fearing the fall, blending limitless choice with heavy responsibility.

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  10. Kierkegaard's philosophy starkly contrasts with Hegel's rationalism by asserting that faith requires a subjective leap into the unknown, transcending reason and logic. He demonstrates that true faith involves personal conviction and commitment, often in the face of uncertainty, as exemplified by Abraham's willingness to sacrifice Isaac. Additionally, his concept of dread highlights the anxiety that emerges from recognizing our freedom and the weight of responsibility in making profound choices, emphasizing the paradoxical nature of human existence.

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  11. Kierkegaard's concept of 'leap of faith' and his concept of the dread directed towards the unknown helps me to connect to my own faith and my unknown fears and unfreedom.

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  12. In life, dread often comes when we face big decisions, like picking a career or ending a relationship. The freedom to choose can feel exciting but also scary because of what might happen.
    For example, following a risky dream can be both thrilling and overwhelming. This shows that freedom gives us many possibilities, but it also means we must take responsibility for our choices.

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  13. Kierkegaard’s idea of dread shows how human freedom comes with both excitement and fear. We are drawn to possibilities but also scared of making the wrong choices. This struggle, he says, is part of what it means to be human.

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  14. Kierkegaard's concept of dread to describe the deep emotional experience tied to human freedom and the awareness of sin, highlighting the repulsion felt when recognizing one's freedom to choose and the potential to make wrong choices.

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  15. Kierkegaard’s philosophy highlights that faith requires a personal leap beyond reason, illustrated by the metaphor of jumping into the unknown despite uncertainty, much like trusting someone in a trust fall. His concept of dread connects deeply to our awareness of freedom and responsibility, prompting reflection on how our choices can evoke both excitement and anxiety as we navigate the complexities of belief and moral decisions.

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  16. Kierkegaard’s concept of dread reveals the dual nature of human freedom—both thrilling and terrifying. While we are eager to explore possibilities, we also fear making mistakes. He sees this inner conflict as a fundamental part of being human.

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  17. Kierkegaard’s idea of faith shows that faith means trusting God even when we do not have clear proof. True faith needs courage to step into the unknown. He also talks about fear and freedom. He reminds me that my choices are important. They bring both opportunity and responsibility. This teaches me to think carefully and act with faith.

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  18. Kierkegaard captures the tension between freedom and fear, where the weight of choice both entices and unsettles. True faith, for him, is a courageous leap beyond reason into the unknown.

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  19. Kierkegaard shows faith means trusting without proof(Leap), and freedom can feel scary. Belief and responsibility are personal and sometimes uncertain.

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  20. Kierkegaard's concept of dread (Angst) is unique and very relatable in our practical life. He clears dread with the example of Adam and Eve. Having learned this concept, I can now identify the dread experience in my life, which I was unaware of. It is not superficial but rather a deep emotional experience we go through in various ways and stages of life. 

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  21. Unlike Hegel, Kierkegaard argued that faith demands a radical break from reason—it is not something that can be fully explained or justified through logic but instead requires a “leap.” it is true that faith cannot be proven by logic it is a personal belief which is true according to individuals.

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  22. Kierkegaard's philosophy emphasizes the paradoxical nature of human existence, where faith requires a leap into the unknown, and freedom is accompanied by the daunting experience of dread.

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  23. Sometimes I feel a mix of excitement and anxiety in decision-making, is like Kierkegaard’s dread. Recognizing my freedom to choose is both liberating and overwhelming. True faith, I realize, often means leaping into the unknown with trust, despite uncertainty.

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  24. Irenius Beck 24-PPL-020February 22, 2025 at 7:08 PM

    Kierkegaard talked about a feeling called "dread" that people experience when they think about the freedom to make choices and the possibility of doing something wrong. He said that dread is different from fear. Fear is when you're scared of something specific, like a dog that might bite. Dread is when you're scared of something you don't know or can't see.

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  25. I was able to relate more to Kierkegaard's concept of the dread, where he says that dread is the fear of the unknown. This is quite through and makes sense that it is a mix of attraction and repulsion which always haunts one's life despite the status of life.

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  26. Kierkegaard’s philosophy highlights two key ideas:
    1. Faith is a leap—it’s not about logic but trust, like a trust fall where you commit despite uncertainty.
    2. Dread comes from freedom—not fear of danger, but the unsettling weight of knowing your choices shape your life.

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  27. Kierkegaard makes very simple and clear about faith and idea of dread by giving simple analogy and examples the idea of dread is a new concept for me.

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  28. i am inspired by Kierkegaard's leap of faith in which he totally believe in God and oneself and the freedom of choice.

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  29. Faith is not based on reason but requires a personal leap into the unknown - I felt this leap should not be the momentary one but a permanent one.

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  31. Kierkegaard's studies on reason and faith were relatively striking, particularly his emphasis on the 'leap of faith' rather than logical deduction. The precipice analogy effectively illustrated this conception. I also found his discussion of dread, as distinct from fear and linked to our sense of freedom, to be very insightful. It urged me to consider the weight of choices and the responsibility they carry forth in situations of life.

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  32. Kierkegaard saw faith as a break from reason, unlike Hegel’s rational approach. He compared it to leaping off a fog-covered cliff—an act of trust beyond logic. Faith involves uncertainty but demands deep commitment. Like Abraham, believers take risks, trusting God without guarantees, making faith intensely personal and subjective.

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  33. Dread reveals the tension between one's desires and moral conscience, a universal human struggle. Kierkegaard's insights remind me that true faith and freedom come with both responsibility and inner conflict.

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  34. I think Kierkegaard believed that faith is not based on logic but requires a "leap"—a personal decision to trust in God without absolute proof, like jumping into the unknown. He said faith involves risk, just like Abraham trusting God even when asked to sacrifice his son.

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  35. Kierkegaard’s ideas about faith and dread make me think about how life often requires us to take leaps without knowing the outcome, trusting in something beyond reason. These ideas look risky but when embraced with open heart, they give a birth to new results or outcomes.

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  36. Kierkegaard believed that reason has its limits and cannot fully grasp the mysteries of life, especially when it comes to faith. He argued that faith requires a leap beyond reason, embracing uncertainty and doubt. This leap is often accompanied by a sense of dread, a feeling of anxiety and fear that comes from venturing into the unknown.

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  37. Kierkegaard argued that faith requires a leap beyond reason, embracing uncertainty with personal commitment, while dread arises from the awareness of human freedom and the burden of choice.

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  38. For Kierkegard faith is not based on reason but requires a personal leap into the unknown or God.

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  39. Kierkegaard saw faith as a personal leap, trusting without proof, like stepping into the unknown. He linked dread to human freedom—the anxiety of making choices. Faith isn’t based on reason but requires deep commitment, despite uncertainty and the fear of possible consequences.

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  40. Kierkegaard saw faith as a personal leap beyond reason and believed dread comes from realizing our freedom and responsibility.

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  41. Dread comes with big choices, like careers or relationships. Freedom is exciting but scary because it brings many possibilities, and we must take responsibility for our decisions.

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  42. Kierkegaard concept of dread highlights the anxiety that emerges from recognizing our freedom and the weight of responsibility in making profound choices, emphasizing the paradoxical nature of human existence.

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  43. Kierkegaard emphasizes that true faith requires a personal leap beyond reason, embracing uncertainty with deep commitment, while dread arises from the profound realization of human freedom and the weight of moral responsibility.

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  44. Kierkegaard views true faith as something that leaps without knowing the uncertainty of the choices we make. The concept of dread is so appealing to me because I sometimes feel that I have made choices without knowing the certainty. I felt excited that I had made a choice but anxiety occurred about what would i face. While freedom is at hand we also feel drawn and repelled in life.

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